[BIOL 101] - Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes fot the exam (43 pages long!)
Document Summary
Constant in and out post big bang: protons, neutrons, and electrons moved freely in the hot dense universe then they cooled to form atoms. Protons and neutrons make nucleus while electrons orbit. atomic # = number of protons mass = mass of protons + neutrons. Element cant be reduced to anything smaller defined by number of protons number of neutrons can vary. Ionic bonds ions are atoms with a charge. They all seek stability. when the protons and electrons aren"t equal that results in a charge. Polar-covalent bonds unequal sharing of electrons one atom gets more than another this leads to poles in the molecule like water other polar molecules are soluable in polar molecules like oil isnt water soluable but salt is. Hydrogen bonds not a chemical bond weak and instantaneous. Ice= max h- bonds form. molecules spread apart. Cell membranes are made of hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts. living things are sensitive to acidc and basic conditions.
