GEOS 1004 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Protolith, Travertine, Lithification
Document Summary
Types of rocks a: sedimentary rock- forms by either cementing of fragments broken off pre. Each rock is distinguished by physical characteristics such as: grain size, composition, texture d. Rocks that form by the freezing of lava about ground after it extrudes onto the surface and comes into contact with the atmosphere or ocean us extrusive igneous rock. Melting due to a decrease in pressure (decompression melting) c. i. 1. Occurs where hot mantle rock slowly rises to shallower depths in the earth, such movement occurs in mantle plumes beneath rifts and beneath mid ocean ridges c. ii. Melting as a result of the addition of volatiles c. ii. 1. Magma forms at locations where chemicals called volatiles mix with hot mantle rock. When volatiles mix with hot, dry rock, they help break chemical bonds so that the rock begins to melt. Melting due to the addition of volatiles is called flex melting c. iii. Melting as a result of heat transfer from rising magma c. iii. 1.
