BIOL 206 Study Guide - Final Guide: Water Potential, Osmosis, Solution

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12 Mar 2017

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Water potential: what is it and how does it work: water potential the potential amount of energy contained within water. Differences in water potential throughout the water contained within a plant helps control movement of water through a plant: water naturally moves along a gradient. From high to low concentrations of energy. Once water is inside of plant, control water potential determines distribution of seeping through membrane of root cells water in cells: water potential equation. Water potential= capillary potential + osmotic potential + pressure + gravitational potential. Capillary potential-amount of water that adheres to solid cells within plant. Always negative to 0 . always removes potential from a system. Osmotic potential- impact of solutes on ability of water to move without system. Pressure- amount of force generated by water water pressure makes outward force which is how plants keep their rigidity (turgid pressure)

Related Questions

1. Which cell component shapes plant cells into their characteristic square?

central vacuole

plasma membrane

cell wall

2. ________ arise from ground tissue.

Bark

Stems

Root tips

3. In plants, water moves from areas of ________ water potential to areas of ________ water potential in an attempt to equilibrate.

lower; higher

shallower; deeper

higher; lower

4. The main driver of ________ is transpiration.

water movement through xylem

water movement through phloem

solute movement through xylem

5. ________ is the movement of a plant in response to constant directional pressure.

Thigmotropism

Thigmonastism

Thigmomorphogenesis

lilacdolphin181

A hypertonic solution has a higher level of solutes so the water moves out of the cells to the surroundings

A hypotonic solution has a higher level of solutes so the water moves out of the cells to the surroundings

The salt and water solution in the potato is a hypotonic solution

Osmosis is the movement of large molecules across a membrane which require embedded proteins

The plain water in this experiment is the solvent and the salt is the solute.

Passive transport requires no energy and the molecules move with the concentration gradient or from high concentration to low concentration

Active transport required no energy and the molecules move with the concentration gradient or from high concentration to low concentration.

The water on the inside of the potato with the salt molecules is an isotonic solution the same as the solution on the outside of the potato.

Water will not move by simple diffusion (osmosis) into or out of cells it requires energy or protein transporters

The solution of salt water in the potato has a lower concentration of water molecules so the water on the outside should move into the cells

1,Match the descriptions to the type of transport.

- A. B. C.	Water enters a cell because it is hypertonic compared to the extracellular environment, increasing its turgor pressure
- A. B. C.	Water enters guard cells because the guard cells are hypertonic compared to the surrounding cells
- A. B. C.	Potassium ions are pumped into guard cells
- A. B. C.	The motor cells of a Venus fly trap are hypotonic compared to surrounding cells, causing water to leave the motor cells
- A. B. C.	Sugar is loaded into the phloem

A.	Both active and passive transport
B.	Passive Transport
C.	Active transport

2,Describe what is wrong with the following statement and explain why:

All prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain plasma membrane, nucleus, ribosomes, organelles, cytoplasm, and cell walls.

What is short-distance transport?

	a,	The movement of solutes from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration
		b,The movement of water, nutrients, and other substances between cells
c,		The movement of substances from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration
d,		The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from a region of low solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration.

What terms describe the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from a region of high water concentration towards a region of low water concentration (and high solute concentration.)

What is found in the proptoplasm?

Cell wall, cytoplasm, plasma membrane, nucleus, and other cell organelles

Plasmodesmata, cell wall, and plasma membrane

Cell wall, cytoplasm, and plasma membrane

Cytoplasm, nucleus, and other cell organelles

The channels that allow nutrients and protoplasm to pass between plant cells are called _________________.

What happens when a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?

Water will enter the plant cell and the plasma membrane will swell and cell lysis will occur

Water will leave the plant cell and the plasma membrane will pull away from the cell and plasmolysis will occur

Water will enter the plant cell and the plasma membrane will swell and push against the cell wall

Water will leave the plant cell and the plant cell will lose turgor pressure, causing the plant to wilt

________________ transport uses cellular energy.

What molecules make plasma cell membranes hydrophilic on the outside and hydrophobic on the inside?

What type of cells do plants have?

		Bacterial
		Archaeic
		Eukaryotic
		Prokaryotic

BIOL 206 Study Guide - Final Guide: Water Potential, Osmosis, Solution

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