PSYC104 Chapter Notes - Chapter 11: Human Sexual Response Cycle, Bulimia Nervosa, Lateral Hypothalamus
17 May 2018
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PSYC104 Lecture Reading
Week 2 & 3 – Chapter 11 (pages 470–482): Emotion and motivation
- Motivation: psychological drives that propel us in a specific direction
- Drive reduction theory: theory proposing that certain drives – like hunger, thirst and
sexual frustration – motivate us to act in ways that minimise aversive states
o Humans crave homeostasis: equilibrium
- Yerkes-Dodson law: inverted U-shaped relation between arousal on the one hand,
affect and performance on the other
- Incentive theories: theories proposing that we are often motivated by positive goals
- Glucostatic theory: theory that when our blood glucose levels drop, hunger creates a
drive to eat to restore the proper level of glucose
- Leptin: hormone that signals the hypothalamus and brainstem to reduce appetite
and increase the amount of energy used
- Set point: value that establishes a range of body and muscle mass we tend to
maintain
- Different areas of the hypothalamus play different roles in eating
o Scientists have concluded that the lateral hypothalamus plays a key role in
initiating eating
- Internal-external theory: theory holding that obese people are motivated to eat
more by external cues than internal cues
- Bulimia nervosa: eating disorder associated with a pattern of bingeing and purging in
an effort to lose or maintain weight
- Sexual desire (libido) is a wish of craving for sexual activity and sexual pleasure
- Sexual desire is deeply rooted in our genes and biology, but it is also influenced by
social and cultural factors
- Human sexual response cycle
o Desire phase: phase in human sexual response triggered by whatever
prompts sexual interest
o Excitement phase: phase in human sexual response in which people
experience sexual pleasure and notice physiological changes associated with
it
o Orgasm (climax) phase: phase in human sexual response marked by
involuntary rhythmic contractions in the muscles of genitals in both men and
women
o Resolution phase: phrase in human sexual response following orgasm, in
which people report relaxation and sense of well-being
- Proximity: physical nearness, a predictor of attraction
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Document Summary
Week 2 & 3 chapter 11 (pages 470 482): emotion and motivation. Motivation: psychological drives that propel us in a specific direction. Drive reduction theory: theory proposing that certain drives like hunger, thirst and sexual frustration motivate us to act in ways that minimise aversive states: humans crave homeostasis: equilibrium. Yerkes-dodson law: inverted u-shaped relation between arousal on the one hand, affect and performance on the other. Incentive theories: theories proposing that we are often motivated by positive goals. Glucostatic theory: theory that when our blood glucose levels drop, hunger creates a drive to eat to restore the proper level of glucose. Leptin: hormone that signals the hypothalamus and brainstem to reduce appetite and increase the amount of energy used. Set point: value that establishes a range of body and muscle mass we tend to maintain. Different areas of the hypothalamus play different roles in eating: scientists have concluded that the lateral hypothalamus plays a key role in initiating eating.
