ACCT10002 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Cash Register, Bank Reconciliation, Cheque

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orangemole587

22 May 2018

School

University of Melbourne

Department

Accounting

Course

ACCT10002

Professor

Warren McKeown

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Cash on hand (coin and paper money)

Cash at bank (cheque account)

Cash equivalents (highly liquid investments such as bank overdrafts, deposits on the money

market and 90

day bank acceptance bills)

Duplicates of credit card and electronic funds transfer at point of sale (EFTPOS) sales

Cash includes:

Revenue from cash sales of goods and services

Collection of cash from credit sales

Cash proceeds from divestment of assets

Cash received from business owners through issuance of shares

Cash received from borrowings

Transactions with inflows of cash include:

Cash payment for purchases of inventory

Cash payment for investment in assets such as PPE

Cash payment for business expenses such as payroll and rent

Payment to business owners in the form of dividend or return of capital

Interest and loan payment to financial institution

Transactions that cause outflows of cash include:

Cash and credit transactions

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Saving in staffing cost as there is less handling of cash required

Reduces the possibility of mishandling cash

For business owners, accepting payments electronically has several benefits:

Electronic banking speeds up the transfer of money and reduces the transactional cost (less

documentation of writing cheques and deposit slips and less labour is required)

Credit and electronic banking

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Cash is readily convertible into any other type of asset, easily concealed and transported, and highly

desired

Numerous errors may occur in executing and recording cash transactions so it is essential to have an

effective mechanism in place to safeguard cash assets

Eg. performing a bank reconciliation regularly

Internal control over cash receipts:

Cash received from cash sales, on EFTPOS or on credit cards should be rung up on a cash register

located in a position that permits the customer to see the amount recorded

The register prints a receipt that is given to the customer

Registers are usually linked directly to computers used by the accounting department or have a

locked

in tape on which each cash sale is recorded

The cash in the register plus EFTPOS and credit card slips are counted and recorded on a

preprinted form that is sent to the accounting department

The cash and slips are forwarded to the cashier for deposit and the tape is sent to the accounting

department for preparing accounting entries

Procedures for the control of cash receipts from cash sales are based on the principle of segregation of

duties for record keeping and custodianship

The employee who opens the mail should prepare a list of the amounts received

One copy is sent to the cashier along with the cash amounts, which are combined with those from

the cash registers

Another copy of the list is forwarded to the accounting departments for preparing entries in the

cash receipts journal and in customers' accounts

Procedures for the control of cash received in the mail are based on the principle of segregation of

duties for record keeping and custodianship

Neither the cash register, the mail clerk nor the cashier should have access to the accounting records

Likewise, the accounting staff should not have access to cash

Internal control over cash payments:

Pay for cash purchases

Pay suppliers for goods and services bought on credit

Pay for expenses and liabilities

Purchase assets

Cash is disbursed for a variety of reasons

Internal control over cash payments is more effect when payments are made by using a bank account

Staff designated to approve invoices for payments should have no responsibility for preparing cheques

or other payment instruments

Employees responsible for signing cheques or approving EFTs should have no invoice approval or

accounting responsibilities

Approved invoices, copies of the cheques and approved electronic transfers are send to the accounting

department

Petty cash fund:

A petty cash fund is a cash fund used to pay relatively small amounts

Often used to handle small payments (postage fees, employees' working lunches, taxi fares) while

maintaining satisfactory control

Safeguarding and managing cash

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Document Summary

Cash equivalents (highly liquid investments such as bank overdrafts, deposits on the money market and 90-day bank acceptance bills) Duplicates of credit card and electronic funds transfer at point of sale (eftpos) sales. Revenue from cash sales of goods and services. Cash received from business owners through issuance of shares. Cash payment for investment in assets such as ppe. Cash payment for business expenses such as payroll and rent. Payment to business owners in the form of dividend or return of capital. Saving in staffing cost as there is less handling of cash required. For business owners, accepting payments electronically has several benefits: Electronic banking speeds up the transfer of money and reduces the transactional cost (less documentation of writing cheques and deposit slips and less labour is required) Cash is readily convertible into any other type of asset, easily concealed and transported, and highly desired.

Related Questions

A fire destroyed your firmâs ending balance sheet and income statement after the year-end
but before the financial statements are released. However, you have been successful in obtaining the
numbers for the beginning balance sheet and the statement of cash flows, which are provided to you and
your team members in Excel format. Fields representing the missing balance sheet and income statement
are End of year2 in the Excel sheet

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (USD $)	End of year 2	End of year 1
In Thousands, unless otherwise specified	End of year 2	End of year 1
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	ã	598
Receivables, net	ã	230
Inventories, net	ã	2309
Other current assets	ã	47
Total current assets	ã	3184
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation	ã	1292
Assets held for sale	ã	1
Goodwill	ã	76
Intangible assets, net	ã	29
Other assets, net	ã	32
Assets, Total	ã	4614
Current liabilities:	ã	0
Current portion of long-term debt	ã	0
Accounts payable	ã	2030
Accrued expenses	ã	380
Other current liabilities	ã	150
Total current liabilities	ã	2560
Long-term debt	ã	604
Other long-term liabilities	ã	239
Commitments and Contingencies	ã	0
Stockholders Equity Attributable to Parent [Abstract]	ã	0
Preferred stock, nonvoting, $00001 par value	ã	0
Common stock, voting, $00001 par value	ã	0
Additional paid-in capital	ã	520
Treasury stock, at cost	ã	-27
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	ã	3
Retained earnings	ã	715
Total stockholders equity	ã	1210
Liabilities and Stockholders Equity, Total	ã	4613


CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (USD $)	12 Months Ended
In Thousands, except Per Share data, unless otherwise specified	Year 2
Net sales	ã
Cost of sales, including purchasing and warehousing costs	ã
Gross profit	ã
Selling, general and administrative expenses	ã
Operating income	ã
Interest expense	ã
Other income, net	ã
Total other, net	ã
Income before provision for income taxes	ã
Provision for income taxes	ã
Net income	ã


CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (USD $)	12 Months Ended
In Thousands, unless otherwise specified	Year 2
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$392
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	208
Share-based compensation	13
Loss on property and equipment, net	1
Other	2
Provision for deferred income taxes	-2
Excess tax benefit from share-based compensation	-16
Increase Decrease in Operating Capital
Receivables, net	-32
Inventories, net	-204
Other assets	11
Accounts payable	113
Accrued expenses	63
Other liabilities	-4
Net cash provided by operating activities	545
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	-196
Payments to Acquire Businesses, Gross	-186
Sale of certain assets of acquired business	19
Proceeds from sales of property and equipment	1
Net cash used in investing activities	-362
Cash flows from financing activities:
(Decrease) increase in bank overdrafts	-3
Decrease in financed vendor accounts payable	0
Issuance of senior unsecured notes	449
Payment of debt related costs	-9
Borrowings under credit facilities	0
Payments on credit facilities	0
Dividends paid	-18
Proceeds from the issuance of common stock, primarily exercise of stock options	4
Tax withholdings related to the exercise of stock appreciation rights	-22
Excess tax benefit from share-based compensation	16
Repurchase of common stock	-81
Contingent payment accrued on acquisitions	5
Other	-1
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	331
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	514
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	598
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	1,112
Supplemental cash flow information:
Interest paid	35
Income tax payments	219
Non-cash transactions:
Accrued purchases of property and equipment	21
Retirement of common stock	0
Contingent consideration accrued on acquisitions	0
Changes in other comprehensive income	1
Declared but unpaid cash dividends	$4

brownwoodchuck820

Solve the following QS and Exercises from your textbook in chapter 8.

QS 8-1

Internal control objectives

An internal control system consists of all policies and procedures used to protect assets, ensure reliable accounting, promote efficient operations, and urge adherence to company policies. Evaluate each of the following statements and indicate which are true and which are false regarding the objectives of an internal control system.

____	1.	Separation of recordkeeping for assets from the custody over assets is intended to reduce theft and fraud.
____	2.	The primary objective of internal control procedures is to safeguard the business against theft from government agencies.
____	3.	The main objective of internal control procedures is best accomplished by designing an operational system with managerial policies that protect the assets from waste, fraud, and theft.
____	4.	Separating the responsibility for a transaction between two or more individuals or departments will not help prevent someone from creating a fictitious invoice and paying the money to herself or himself.

QS 8-2

Cash and equivalents

Choose from the following list of terms/phrases to best complete the following statements.

a.	Cash
b.	Cash equivalents
c.	Outstanding check
d.	Liquidity
e.	Bank reconciliation
f.	Current assets

____	1.	The category includes currency and coins along with amounts on deposit in bank accounts, checking accounts, and savings accounts.
____	2.	The term __________ refers to a companyâs ability to pay for its near-term obligations
____	3.	The __________ category includes short-term highly liquid investment assets that are readily convertible to a known cash amount and sufficiently close to their due dates so that their market value is not sensitive to interest rate changes.

QS 8-3

Internal control for cash

A good system of internal control for cash provides adequate procedures for protecting both cash receipts and cash disbursements. Identify each of the following statements as either true or false regarding this protection.

____	a.	A basic guideline for safeguarding cash is that all cash receipts be deposited weekly or monthly.
____	b.	A voucher system of control is a control system exclusively for cash receipts.
____	c.	A basic guideline for safeguarding cash is to separate the duties of those who have custody of cash from those who keep cash records.
____	d.	A petty cash system is not a control procedure for safeguarding cash.

QS 8-4

Petty cash accounting

The petty cash fund of the Brooks Agency is established at $150. At the end of the current period, the fund contained $28 and had the following receipts: film rentals, $24; refreshments for meetings, $46 (both expenditures to be classified as Entertainment Expense); postage, $30; and printing, $22. Prepare journal entries to record (a) establishment of the fund and (b) reimbursement of the fund at the end of the current period.

Identify the two events from the following that cause a Petty Cash account to be credited in a journal entry.

____	a.	Fund amount is being reduced
____	b.	Fund amount is being increased
____	c.	Fund is being eliminated
____	d.	Fund is being established

Exercise 8-13^A

Documents in a voucher system

Match each document in a voucher system in column one with its description in column two.

Document

1.	Purchase requisition
2.	Purchase order
3.	Invoice
4.	Receiving report
5.	Invoice approval
6.	Voucher

Description

____	A.	An itemized statement of goods prepared by the vendor listing the customerâs name, items sold, sales prices, and terms of sale.
____	B.	An internal file used to store documents and information to control cash disbursements and to ensure that a transaction is properly authorized and recorded.
____	B.	An internal file used to store documents and information to control cash disbursements and to ensure that a transaction is properly authorized and recorded.
____	C.	A document used to place an order with a vendor that authorizes the vendor to ship ordered merchandise at the stated price and terms.
____	D.	A checklist of steps necessary for the approval of an invoice for recording and payment; also known as a check authorization.
____	E.	A document used by department managers to inform the purchasing department to place an order with a vendor.
____	F.	A document used to notify the appropriate persons that ordered goods have arrived, including a description of the quantities and condition of goods.

Exercise 8-14^B

Record invoices at gross or net amounts

Piere Imports uses the perpetual system in accounting for merchandise inventory and had the following transactions during the month of October. Prepare entries to record these transactions assuming that Piere Imports records invoices (a) at gross amounts and (b) at net amounts.

Oct.	2	Purchased merchandise at a $3,000 price, invoice dated October 2, terms 2/10, n/30.
	10	Received a $500 credit memorandum (at full invoice price) for the return of merchandise that it purchased on October 2.
	17	Purchased merchandise at a $5,400 price, invoice dated October 17, terms 2/10, n/30.
	27	Paid for the merchandise purchased on October 17, less the discount.
		31Paid for the merchandise purchased on October 2. Payment was delayed because the invoice was mistakenly filed for payment today. This error caused the discount to be lost. Please provide all the answer thank you

tanmouse0

The independent auditor is allowed to use a specialist for evaluating a complicated financial transaction provided the specialist is

knowledgeable and independent of the audit client.

approved by the client's board of directors.

all of the above.

acceptable to the PCAOB.

Inappropriately dating transfers of funds between bank accounts to cover shortages of cash is properly referred to as

Cash equivalents

represent current assets that can be converted to cash within a year or an operating cycle, whichever is shorter.

include only cash and highly liquid investments that are virtually free of risk.

should be reported as investments and not be included as cash on the balance sheet.

typically exclude money market funds and treasury bills.

A cut-off bank statement primarily is used to

determine whether reconciling items on the year-end bank reconciliation have cleared the bank.

prepare a year-end bank reconciliation.

test for kiting.

confirm the year-end balance of cash.

An imprest cash account

typically is used for many large miscellaneous disbursements.

typically earns large amounts of interest.

is another name for the general cash account of an organization.

is an account containing a stipulated amount of money to be used for a specific purpose.

An auditor may estimate the appropriate amount of interest expense to be recorded by an audit client by multiplying the average debt by the average interest rate. If the auditor's estimate is considerably larger than the client's recorded interest expense this would be evidence of a potential

failure of the client to accrue interest expense at year end.

the violation of significant loan covenants.

overstatement of recorded interest expense.

understatement of long-term debt.

Internal controls over fixed assets in a smaller entity

usually include authorization by the board of directors.

typically will be very similar to internal controls over other assets within the entity.

must be the same as in larger entities.

are of little importance since fixed assets are not subject to theft or misuse.

A change in depreciation methods employed by an audit client resulting in a material change in depreciation expense

is not necessarily a violation of generally accepted accounting principles.

requires disclosure by the audit client in the footnotes to the financial statements.

must be noted in the audit opinion due to lack of consistency.

is properly described by all of the listed statements.

Auditors typically assess inherent risk for material accounts requiring significant estimates as

Which of the following loans from an audit client, which is a financial institution, made in accordance with the normal lending practices of the financial institution would impair the CPA's independence?

A loan fully secured by certificates of deposit from the same financial institution.

A credit card loan in which the balance carried forward each month does not exceed $9,000.

An automobile loan secured by the automobile.

A home loan equal to less than 50% of the home's value and collateralized by the home.

A CPA has obtained some original records from a client during the course of an audit engagement. At the completion of her audit according to the proper professional standards the client fired the CPA and demanded that the CPA return all of his original records immediately. Under these circumstances which of the following statements is most correct according to the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct?

The CPA may hold the original records she obtained until the client pays for the services she has completed.

The CPA must return only the original records of the client upon demand regardless of the circumstances.

The CPA must return all original records and all copies of original records of the client upon demand regardless of the circumstances.

This is a matter of state law and not a matter covered by the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct.

ACCT10002 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Cash Register, Bank Reconciliation, Cheque

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