LQB185 Chapter Notes - Chapter 20: The Heart Beats, Stroke Volume, Systolic Geometry

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byzantiumcheetah91

25 May 2018

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20.4 The Cardiac Cycle

➢ The cycle includes everything that

happens with one heartbeat

➢ Pressure and Volume Changes during the

Cardiac Cycle

- Atria and ventricles alternatively

contract and relax, high pressure to

low pressure.

- Each ventricle expels same volume

of blood per beat.

➢ Atrial Systole

- During atrial systole, the atria are

contracting while the ventricles are relaxed.

➢ Ventricular Systole

- During ventricular systole, the ventricles are contracting while the

atria are relaxed in atrial diastole

➢ Relaxation Period

- During this period, the atria and the ventricles are both relaxed.

The heart beats faster and faster making the relaxation period

shorter and shorter.

➢ Heart Sounds

- Auscultation (act of listening)

- 4 sounds with you able to hear 2.

20.5 Cardiac Output

➢ Volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle into the aorta each

minute.

➢ Cardiac Output= the stroke volume (SV) of blood ejected by the

ventricle during each contraction x by

the heart rate.

➢ Cardiac Reserve: Maximum CO-CO at

rest

➢ Regulation of Stroke Volume

- At rest SV is 50-60% of the end-diastolic volume.

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Related Questions

1. What is the significance of the ST segment?

a. ventricular depolarization

b. ventricular systole

c. atrial systole

d. atrial depolarization

2. Ventricular contraction is also known as ventricular __________.

3. Ventricular diastole is also known as ventricular __________.

A nurse takes your blood pressure and tells you the numbers are 110/70. What are your blood pressures?

rev: 11_20_2014_QC_55932

a. Systolic = 110 mmHg, Diastolic = 70 mmHg

b. Diastolic = 110 mmHg, Systolic = 70 mmHg

The brachial artery is the most common site of blood pressure measurement with the sphygmomanometer.

True

False

Cardiac cycle is the ____________________________.

a. The volume of blood ejected by each ventricle in one minute

b. One complete contraction and relaxation of all chambers of the heart

c. The pressure blood exerts on the wall of blood vessels

d. Depolarization and repolarization of the ventricles

coffeesalmon954

Match the following terms describing the physical/mecahnical events with the correct phases of the cardiac cycle. Each phase may be used more than once.

- A. B. C. D.	All 4 cardiac valves are closed and all 4 chambers are relaxed during this phase.
- A. B. C. D.	The maximum amount of blood is in the ventricles at the end of this phase.
- A. B. C. D.	The pressure in the ventricles is higher than in the atria, but lower than in the arteries, during this phase.
- A. B. C. D.	The semilunar valves are open and the AV valves are closed during this phase.
- A. B. C. D.	The atria contract at the end of this phase.
- A. B. C. D.	The pressure in the ventricles is higher than the pressure in both the atria and the arteries during this phase.
- A. B. C. D.	Systole begins with this phase.

A.	isovolumetric relaxation
B.	ventricular ejection
C.	isovolumetric contraction
D.	ventricular filling

1. The fish heart is a modified tube with _____________chambers arrayed one after the other.

2. The ____________ cycle consists of systole and diastole.

3. The spontaneous depolarization of cells in the ________________ passes through the left and right atria as a wave to finally cause the contraction of the heart.

4. ____________ is fluid formed from blood plasma minus the larger proteins.

5. A weakened section of an artery is known as a(n) ___________

6. The ________ is the amount of blood pumped by the heart each minute.

7._________ are subcellular packets of clotting enzymes.

8.________________ are basically packets of hemoglobin.

9. A normal value for blood pressure should be about

Answer: ______________________.

10. Veins contain _______________that assist in the movement of blood back to the heart.

11. The ______________delays the contraction of the ventricles to allow them to fill with blood.

12. During the cardiac cycle, contraction is called _____________and relaxation is called ___________.

13. The ________________ is the tough sac of connective tissue around the heart.

14. ___________________results when the blood's ability to carry oxygen is decreased.

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LQB185 Chapter Notes - Chapter 20: The Heart Beats, Stroke Volume, Systolic Geometry

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