NSB231 Chapter Notes - Chapter 14 & 15: Nursing Assessment, Medical Emergency, Pain Management
Week 6: Perioperative & Intraoperative Care
SURGICAL SETTINGS
• Surgery used to
o Diagnose
o Cure
o Palliate
o Prevent
o Explore
o Cosmetic improvement
• Perioperative Period: total surgical episode
o Includes the time before surgery (preoperative)
o Time spent during surgery (intraoperative)
o Period after surgery (postoperative)
• Elective or emergency surgery
• Nurse's role is to prepare the patient for surgery, care for the patient during surgery, and
facilitate the patient's recovery following surgery
PATIENT INTERVIEW
• Preoperative interview
• Purpose is to obtain the patient's health information, provide information regarding the
surgical experience and assess the patient's readiness for surgery.
• Also, opportunity for patient and carer to ask questions
NURSING ASSESSMENT OF THE PREOPERATIVE PATIENT
• Preoperative nursing assessment is performed to determine the patient's
o Psychological status
o Physiological factors that can affect operative risk factors
o Establish baseline detail
o Identify surgical site
o Identify prescription taken by patients
o Confirm lab test results
o Note cultural and ethnic factors
o Validate that the informed consent form has been signed
• Common fears
o Potential for death or permanent disability, pain, change to body image, result of test
• Nurses role to psychologically prepare the patient for surgery
o Assess for potential stressors
o Support during the preoperative period so stress does not become distress
• In nursing assessment, nurse should perform a through body systems review
o Ask questions to confirm the presence of any disease
o Information about FHHx concerning adverse reactions to anaesthesia
o Screen for possible latex or food allergies, drug intolerances and allergies
• All finding on medication history must be documented and communicated to intraoperative
and postoperative personnel
• Preoperative assessment of older person's baseline cognitive function is essential for post
evaluation
• Patient's with DM are at risk of adverse effects of anaesthesia and surgery
• Obesity stresses the cardiac and pulmonary system thus making access to surgical site and
anaesthesia admin more difficult
NURSING MANAGEMENT: PREOPERATIVE PATIENT
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Surgery used to: diagnose, cure, palliate, prevent, explore, cosmetic improvement, perioperative period: total surgical episode. Patient interview: preoperative interview, purpose is to obtain the patient"s health information, provide information regarding the surgical experience and assess the patient"s readiness for surgery, also, opportunity for patient and carer to ask questions. Nursing assessment of the preoperative patient: preoperative nursing assessment is performed to determine the patient"s, psychological status, physiological factors that can affect operative risk factors, establish baseline detail. In nursing assessment, nurse should perform a through body systems review: ask questions to confirm the presence of any disease. Instructions about deep breathing, coughing, and mobilizing post-op. Info on pain management: understanding that some patients (cultures) need certain information. Inclusion of the patient"s career: documentation of teaching in file. Surgeon is ultimately responsible for obtaining consent for surgical treatment. permission is given to guardian or family member.
