BCHM 316 Chapter 14.4*: ATP generated by NADH and FADH2

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2 May 2018

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NADH and FADH2

- They generate different amounts of ATP because they enter the ETC at

different points

- NADH generates more ATP than FADH2 because NADH pumps more

protons and goes through the full ETC (I)

- On the other hand, FADH2 enters part way (II)

I : 4 H+

II: 0

III: 4H+

IV: 2 H+

NADH - I, III, IV

So 4 + 0 + 4 +2 ⇒ 10 H+ pumped ⇒ /4 = 2.5 ATP generated

FADH2 - II , III,IV

So 0+4+2 ⇒ 6 H+ pumped ⇒ /4 = 1.5 ATP generated

4 ATPs total

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Palmitate is a 16 carbon molecule.

Through the thiokinase reaction, 2 high energy phosphate bonds are need via 2

ATPs!

Palmitoyl-CoA is formed and we then have 7 cycles of B-oxidation.

Via these 7 cycles we have

- 8 acetyl CoA (which go through the

CAC)

- 7 NADH + H+ (step 3: oxidation via

3-L-hydroxyacyl-CoA

dehydrogenase)

- 7 FADH2 (step 1: oxidation via acyl-

CoA dehydrogenase)

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Document Summary

They generate different amounts of atp because they enter the etc at different points. Nadh generates more atp than fadh2 because nadh pumps more protons and goes through the full etc (i) On the other hand, fadh2 enters part way (ii) So 4 + 0 + 4 +2 10 h+ pumped /4 = 2. 5 atp generated. So 0+4+2 6 h+ pumped /4 = 1. 5 atp generated. Through the thiokinase reaction, 2 high energy phosphate bonds are need via 2. Palmitoyl-coa is formed and we then have 7 cycles of b-oxidation. 8 acetyl coa (which go through the. 7 nadh + h+ (step 3: oxidation via. 7 fadh2 (step 1: oxidation via acyl- Okay, using these numbers - let"s do math. The total energy produced from beta-oxidation is 28 atp! Now let"s look at how much atp is produced in the cac! A total of 106 atp per palmitate is made.

Related Questions

1.Bacteriorhodopsin is a protein that has 7 alpha helices embedded in the cell membrane. As such, how many start-transfer and stop-transfer sequences would it need?

7 start transfer sequences, 6 stop transfer sequences

7 of each, in alternating fashion

4 start transfer sequences and 3 stop transfer sequences

7 start transfer sequences

2. The role of GTP hydrolysis by the Signal Recognition Particle during cotranslational translocation to the ER is

to release the SRP after docking to the translocon so translation can resume.

to open the gate/pore of the translocon into the ER.

to arrest translation so that synthesis does not finish before the peptide is delivered to the translocon.

to allow binding to the ribosome.

3. The cisternal maturation model is just one model that describes how objects might move through the Golgi. Some of the statements below describing the cisternal maturation model are correct and some are incorrect. Select all the incorrect descriptions.

There's no need for retrograde movement

Vesicles bud off from the Trans Golgi Network toward the plasma membrane

Vesicular tubules move materials from the cis to medial Golgi networks.

There are no vesicles moving in the anterograde direction

4. Select all statements that are correct concerning electron transport and ATP synthesis during photosynthesis in chloroplasts.

Each photosystem (I and II) pump protons.

Protons are pumped into the lumen of the thylakoid.

The bulb of the synthase projects into the stroma

Photosystem I is reduced directly by Photosystem II

5. Select all that are true about ATP synthesis with an F_oF₁ synthase complex.

Each ADP+Pi is transferred from one beta subunit in Open conformation to a second beta subunit in Loose conformation and finally to the 3rd beta subunit in the T conformation

As the gamma subunit rotates to each beta subunit, it forces them to the open state.

As the gamma subunit rotates to a particular beta subunit, the unit before it changes conformation to Tight and the one ahead of it changes to Loose

As the gamma subunit rotates to a particular beta subunit, the unit before it changes conformation to Loose and the one ahead of it changes to Tight

All 3 beta subunits are always in a different conformation (open, loose, or tight)

6. The number of ATPs per NADH generated by the electron transport system is higher than the number generated per FADH2 because __________.

		electrons from FADH₂ are not oxidized all the way to water
		NADH is converted to NAD⁺, which increases the charge gradient for ATP synthesis
		FADH₂ has a lower (less negative) redox potential than NADH does
		FADH₂ has a higher (more negative) redox potential than NADH does

BCHM 316 Chapter 14.4*: ATP generated by NADH and FADH2

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