ECON 202 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Real Wages, Demand Curve, Marginal Product

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between the sectors and the outputs of the two goods does not change
The wage rate rises in the same proportion as the prices, so real wage rates, the ratios of the wage
rate to the prices of goods, are unaffected.
With the same amount of labour employed in each sector, receiving the same real wage rate, the
real income of capital owners and landowners also remain the same. So everyone is in the same
position as before.
Only changes in relative prices
-
which in this case means the price of cloth relative to the price of
-
affect welfare or the allocation of resources.
A change in relative prices
The increase in Pc shifts the cloth labour demand curve in the same proportion as the price
increase and shifts the equilibrium from point 1 to 2.
The wage rate rises less than the increase in the price of cloth
When only Pc rises, labour shifts from the food sector to cloth and the output of cloth rises
while that of food falls. (This also shows why w doesn't rise as much as Pc, because cloth
labour will rise leading to a fall of marginal product of labour which cancels out to a lower
w)
Two important facts about the results of this shift
In figure 4
-
8, we show the effects of the same rise in the price of cloth, which raises the relative
price of cloth from (Pc/Pf)1 to (Pc/Pf)2
ECON 231 Page 7
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Between the sectors and the outputs of the two goods does not change. The wage rate rises in the same proportion as the prices, so real wage rates, the ratios of the wage rate to the prices of goods, are unaffected. With the same amount of labour employed in each sector, receiving the same real wage rate, the real income of capital owners and landowners also remain the same. So everyone is in the same position as before. Only changes in relative prices- which in this case means the price of cloth relative to the price of food, pc/pf - affect welfare or the allocation of resources. The increase in pc shifts the cloth labour demand curve in the same proportion as the price increase and shifts the equilibrium from point 1 to 2. Two important facts about the results of this shift.

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