CAPS 391 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Posterior Cranial Fossa, Anterior Cranial Fossa, Middle Cranial Fossa
3 Aug 2015
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Discuss the different types of the bones based on their shape. Long bones: long cylindrical body/ shaft (diaphysis), 2 ends (epiphysis) ie. arm, forearm, thigh, leg. Irregular bones: any specific shape ie. vertebrae, facial bones. Sesamoid bones: sesame seed, round/ flat embedded in tendon of some muscles (help reduce friction between tendons + joints/ change the direction of the pull by muscles) Describe the structural organization of the skeletal system and list the bones of the axial and appendicular skeletons. 206 bones, 2 groups: 1) axial skeleton: forms axis of body, 2) appendicular skeleton: skeleton of limbs, appended to axial skeleton by shoulder + pelvic girdles. Skull, vertebral column, hyoid bone (between neck + thyroid bone), ribs, sternum. Pelvic girdle: right + left hip bones. A) upper limb skeleton: humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges. B) lower limb skeleton: femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges. Functions: explain the principal functions of the skeletal system.
