PSYC 308 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Murder Of Kitty Genovese, Operational Definition, Canadian Psychological Association
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1: hindsight bias: the tendency for people to exaggerate how much they could have predicted the outcome after knowing that it occurred. Formulating hypotheses and theories: theory: an organized set of principles that can be used to explain observed phenomena, hypothesis: a testable statement or idea about the relationship between two or more variables. Inspiration from earlier theories and research: many studies stem from a researcher"s dissatisfaction with existing theories and explanations. Diffusion of responsibility: bystanders would have been more likely to help had each thought he/she was witnessing the murder: operational definition: the precise specification of how variables are measured or manipulated. E. g. different definitions of bullying amongst different provinces must decide on one when researching. The goal is to understand the richness and complexity of the group by observing its action. E. g. how well you can predict people"s weight from their height. Positive correlation increases in the value of one variable increases the value of the other.
