ANT101H5 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8: Great Man Theory, Neolithic, Epipaleolithic
Document Summary
The early holocene: from epipaleolithic/mesolithic hunter gatherers to neolithic farmers. Beringia land bridge: northern asia (siberia) to alaska, open by 30,000 ya, ice sheets covered. Pacific coastal route: moved along pacific coast from asia on boats, 17-15,000 ya, h2o transport along pacific rim, diverse coastal ecosystems. Fluted projectile point objects were used to hunt more efficiently. Foragers: small groups, move camp frequently, little investment in shelters, storage facilities. Collectors: less mobile, stay in camps for long periods of time, middens, storage facilities, cemeteries, mounds. Beringia flooded: tundra replaced by deciduous forests, new game, new lakes & rivers, new edible plants. Characteristic meso/epipaleolithic tool: small, hard, geometric sharp flint blade. Advance: mass produced, wider array of composite tools. 1st appear 40,000 ya in africa t/o old world 12000 ya. Ground stone tools: axes & adzes. Kebaran: late pleistocene foragers, ohalo ii, 23,000 ya, collectors, transhumanance.
