BIO152H5 Chapter Notes - Chapter 17: Okazaki Fragments, Dna Ligase, The Double Helix
Document Summary
Central dogma: dna replication, dna transcription into rna, rna translation into a protein. The double helix is antiparallel runs so that 3" is opposite from 5". Phosphodiester bonds linkages between the ribose sugar and phosphate backbone. Glycosidic bonds linkages between nitrogenous bases and ribose sugars. Chargaff"s rule: ratio of at and ratio of gc is equal. Dna vs rna: nitrogenous base, five carbon sugar, phosphate group, rna has ribose, single stranded, uracil base. Information is copied so it can be passed on to further generations. Semiconservative: original = parent, two replicas = daughters, near copies of parents. Polymerase 3 and 1 go over the strands and remove any incorrect nucleotides (excision) and replace with the proper nucleotide. Telomeres prevent degradation and erosion of the ends of dna molecules. Translation is the making of a polypeptide using mrna info, site of translation ribosomes.
