BIO153H5 Chapter Notes - Chapter 27: Commensalism, Lyme Disease, Gram Staining
Document Summary
Bacteria and archaea: overview: masters of adaptation. Concept 27. 1: structural and functional adaptations contribute to prokaryotic success: most prokaryotes are unicellular, although some species form colonies, most prokaryotic cells are 0. 5 5 m, much smaller than the 10 100 m of many eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells three most common shapes are spheres (cocci), rods (bacilli), and spirals. Some prokaryotes have fimbriae (also called attachment pili), which allow them to stick to their substrate or other individuals in a colony. Sex pili are longer than fimbriae and allow prokaryotes to exchange dna by conjugation: motility / internal organization, most motile bacteria propel themselves by flagella that are structurally and functionally different from eukaryotic flagella. In a heterogeneous environment, many bacteria exhibit taxis, the ability to move toward or away from certain stimuli. Some species of bacteria also have smaller rings of dna called plasmids. and that is located in a nucleoid region: reproduction and endospores adaptation.
