BIO374H5 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Directed Evolution, Isoelectric Focusing, Disulfide
Document Summary
Chapter 4: proteins as products: proteins as biotechnology products regulation of living cells. Proteins large molecules required for structure, function, + Xnazymes much more stable than naturally occurring enzymes. Human proteome all proteins in the human body. Enzymes speed up chemical rxns (e. g. , depolymerization ) Biomarkers to predict effectiveness of a drug for a particular patient. Smart bandages detect infection + produce appropriate antimicrobial protein to treat infection. Neutralize heavy metal pollutants: protein structures. Hydrophilic/hydrophobic proteins affect the ability to interact. 4 levels of structural arrangements: primary, secondary. 1 a. a altered = protein loses all function. Globular + 3d complexes from several polypeptides. Protein-protein interaction map = using commander (~ a dozen. Protein folding = how different strands of a. a take their shape individual proteins) to detect the cause of complex human disorders. Post-translational modifications covalent + generally enzymatic. E. g. , peptide cleavage, lipidation, glycosylation (promote modification of proteins during/after protein biosynthesis protein folding), phosphorylation (regulate enzyme activity), disulfide bond formation.
