ENV100Y5 Chapter 9: ENV100 chapter 9
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ENV100Y5 Full Course Notes
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Number and the variety of species in the world or particular region. Species richness refers to number of species in a particular area. Evenness or relative abundance is extent to which the population numbers of individuals of each different species are equal or skewed. Speciation generates new species, adding to global species richness. The disappearance of a species decreases species richness. Encompasses the varieties in dna present among individuals within species, subspecies and populations. Dramatic decrease in population can cause a genetic bottleneck, in which a limited variety of genetic material is available to be passed along by the small number of surviving individuals to their descendants. Even if populations rebound, basic genetic diversity of the population will be limited; this limits the ability of the organism to adapt. The number and variety of ecosystems in a given area, based on variations in climate, topography, soil type, etc.
