SOC205H5 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Insomnia, Deductive Reasoning, Chromosome
Document Summary
Modern criminology: consists of a body of accredited and systematically transmitted forms of knowledge, approved procedures and techniques of investigation, and a cluster of questions which make up the subject"s recognized agendas" The age of enlightenment saw the first formal theorising about crime and punishment. At the heart of the classical school of criminological thought is the assumption that the criminal is someone exercising free will and rationality. The emergence of classical conceptions of law and criminal justice can be seen as a product of the more general shift from feudal to industrial society. Feudal societies, based on landownership and the concentration of wealth and power into relatively few hands, rested on a combination of tradition and harsh, repressive systems of justice. 17th-18th century: systems of punishment were bloody and cruel; they rested on ideas of revenge or retribution. The death penalty and banishment by transportation were the major forms of punishment by the state.
