BIOA02H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 47.3: Commensalism, Coevolution, Brazil Nut

• School: UTSC
• Department: Biological Sciences
• Course: BIOA02H3
• Professor: Ivana Stehlik

Document Summary

E. g. cacao and midges show interactions that bene t both participants even though there are still some costs associated with the bene ts. All bene ts are measured by natural selection in terms of reproductive output. Bene ts include access to nutrients, shelter, direct help in reproduction. Costs include proteins, fats, and carbs invested in building structures like owers that attract pollinators, or specialized tissues that house bacteria or algae. Costs can also be energy-consuming activities like transporting seeds. Mutualism bene ts for each participant outweigh their costs. Mutualisms are interactions between species that bene t both participants. Midges bene t from food of cacao at cost of unwitting pollen transport between. Owers and tree obtains bene t of pollination at cost of producing sugars and amino acids in nectar. Associations bene cial to one partner are bene cial to the other too so they"re naturally selected for the next generation.