CS235 Chapter 3: Three Paradigms of Knowing
Document Summary
Paradigm a pattern or model that is widely accepted to be true. A way of knowing that is informed by a set of interrelated assumptions about the nature of theory and purpose of research. Sometimes separated into 2 types: ontological addresses question: (cid:498)what is the thing? (cid:499, epistemological addresses question: (cid:498)how can a thing be known? (cid:499) Knowing by discovery method of knowing by discovering objective reality through precise, systematic, and repetitive observations of something. Observations against standards that test validity and reliability, only observations that pass these tests accepted as knowledge. Most discovery based research begins with claim constructed from evidence collected in previous studies: based on past evidence, develop prediction to test through series of new observations/gathering of new evidence. Discovery process requires classification of objects into categories based on observed similarities/differences: similarities allows for generalization, differences allows for discrimination. Implies accepting several fundamental assumptions: belief that things/objects exist in reality separate from our perceptions of them.
