ENV DES 4C Chapter Notes - Chapter article: Urban Ecology, Urban Ecosystem, Ecosystem Services
31 Jan 2019
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Background: urban areas drive environmental change @ multiple scales, material demands of production & human consumption alter, land use & cover, biodiversity, hydrosystems, urban waste discharge affects, local global biogeochemical cycles, local global climates. In cities local environmental change > global environmental change. Edge of city expands into surrounding landscape changes: soil, built structures, markets. Iv. (3) urbanization & climate change: urban centers (esp. At night: specific energy needs of urban envi cause uhi, land-cover pattern, city size c, reduced vegetation & water cover (reduced heat loss from. V. (4) human modifications of hydrologic systems: historically cities built along rivers/deltas, waterways almost always altered. In cities water linked to: domestic sue. Vi. (5) biodiversity changes in cities: urbanization usually reduces species richness & evenness. Increased parasite pressure on less successful urban species: biological communities in cities are reshuffled, mckinney, cities = homogenizing forces. 2: adapted subset of native species replaces indigenous species.
