HIST 80b Chapter 3: The Seventeenth Century
12 Feb 2017
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Document Summary
The jesuits commented on the sophistication of east asian manufacturers in comparison to their own. Chinese and japanese craftsmen quickly learned to make european style firearms. The jurchens, led by nurhaci, possessed both superior mounts and great skill in horse breeding, cavalry tactics, and mounted archery with short compound bows. Nurhaci declared himself khan, and ordered for the creation of a jurchen script, later called manchu. He organized his military forces into banners (military units identified by colored flags). Banners were hereditary and usually referred as the eight banners. Chinese and mongols were also incorporated into banners. He conquered korea and established tributary relations with the joseon. Also, he established a national identity by replacing jurchen with. The qing conquered beijing after a peasant rebellion, and moved to conquer the remainder of ming china, being defended by ming. The qing ordered the ming to adapt their hair style (the queue).
