PHIL 150 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7, C-D: Logical Form, Baltimore Stars, Propositional Calculus
10 May 2018
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PHIL Logic Reading Notes
Chapter 7 (C-D)
C. Truth Functions
Truth-functional proposition: The truth value of a compound proposition that uses one of the five
logical operators can be determined solely on the basis of the truth value of its components
Statement variable (lower p, r, q, so on): A statement variable can stand for any statement, simple or
compound
Statement form: In propositional logic, an arrangement of logical operators and statement variables
such that a uniform substitution of statements for the variables results in a statement
Argument form: Refers to the structure of an argument, not to its content
o In propositional logic, an argument form is an arrangement of logical operators and statement
variables
Substitution instance: A substitution instance of a statement occurs when a uniform substitution of
statement for the variables results in a statement
o A substitution instance of an argument occurs when a uniform substitution of statements for
the variables results in an argument
Truth table: An arrangement of truth values for a truth-functional compound proposition that displays
for every possible case how the truth value of the proposition is determined by the truth values of its
simple components
D. Truth Tables for Propositions
Order of operations: The order of handling the logical operators within a proposition; it is a step-by-
step method of generating a complete truth table
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Document Summary
Truth-functional proposition: the truth value of a compound proposition that uses one of the five logical operators can be determined solely on the basis of the truth value of its components. Statement variable (lower p, r, q, so on): a statement variable can stand for any statement, simple or compound. Statement form: in propositional logic, an arrangement of logical operators and statement variables such that a uniform substitution of statements for the variables results in a statement. Argument form: refers to the structure of an argument, not to its content. In propositional logic, an argument form is an arrangement of logical operators and statement variables.
