BIO 264 Chapter 17: Physio chap 17
18 Jun 2018
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Heart- pump that contracts rhythmically to deliver blood to the body
- Cone shaped
- Pumping blood is primary function
- Maintains homeostasis of pressure, blood pressure
- Endocrine organs (produce ANP → lower blood pressure)
-Apex- point of cone
-Base- posterior side facing rib cage
4 Chambers:
2 Atria: receive blood from veins, pour blood into ventricles
- Right is larger and has thin walls, left is small and thick
-Auricles expand for more blood space (one in each)
- Right has pectinate muscles which are muscle ridges
- Separate by interatrial septum
Fossa ovalis has indent for foramen ovale which is in fetal heart to direct blood between
atrium since lungs do not function yet
2 Ventricles: pump blood into arteries
- Right is wider with thinner walls (little pressure resistance)
-Trabeculae carneae: Ridged surface in both ventricles
-Papillary muscles: finger-like projections
-Interventricular septum separates them
Atrioventricular sulcus: atria/ventricle boundaries
Interventricular sulcus: separate ventricles
Arteries: carry blood away from the heart
Great vessels- main veins and arteries that bring blood to/from heart
Right side of heart pumps blood to the lungs for oxygen (pulmonary circuit)
-Pulmonary arteries deliver oxygen poor and carbon dioxide rich blood to lungs
Left side of the heart pumps blood into the rest of the body (systemic circuit)
- Arteries deliver blood to blood vessels/capillaries
- Oxygen diffuses from blood into tissues
- Delivers nutrients, pick up water, distribute hormones
Pulmonary circuit is low pressure (delivers to lungs), systemic is high (delivers to whole body)
Valves- have flaps, keep blood from moving backwards
- Atria pump blood into ventricles using valves
Four Great Vessels:
1. Superior and Inferior Vena Cavas: drain majority of systemic circuit
- Relative to diaphragm, drains either superiorly or inferiorly
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Document Summary
Heart- pump that contracts rhythmically to deliver blood to the body. Endocrine organs (produce anp " lower blood pressure) 2 atria: receive blood from veins, pour blood into ventricles. Right is larger and has thin walls, left is small and thick. Auricles expand for more blood space (one in each) Right has pectinate muscles which are muscle ridges. Fossa ovalis has indent for foramen ovale which is in fetal heart to direct blood between atrium since lungs do not function yet. Right is wider with thinner walls (little pressure resistance) Great vessels- main veins and arteries that bring blood to/from heart. Right side of heart pumps blood to the lungs for oxygen (pulmonary circuit) Pulmonary arteries deliver oxygen poor and carbon dioxide rich blood to lungs. Left side of the heart pumps blood into the rest of the body (systemic circuit) Delivers nutrients, pick up water, distribute hormones.
