REL-2240 Chapter 1-8: Summaries of Chapters 1-8
Document Summary
Ch. : the,,,$ widely, the:, contains, gospels $ ,,$ means, acts $ 13$ focused,: concludes/$ first$ written$ principally/, other, apostolic"$ Judaism$ beliefs: torah>>, christianity$ assumed, appears, heretical >, not. e. $ that$ scripture, athanasius$ $^^$ Implications: most$ than, diversity$ and, the:, many, scribesq, copies$ original, have,800, jewish / $ $ considered, apocryphaq$ not, vocab$ Talks#about#life#and#teachings#of#jesus: problem#with#that#is#we#don"t#have#writing#from#jesus,# and#the#gospel#that#records#his#words#and#deeds#were# long#after#jesus"#death, 1st#century#traditions#don"t#translate#easily#into#the#21st#century#where# our#worldviews#and#values#are#very#different# why#modern#people#have#such#disagreement#on#how#to# interpret#the#nt# in#the#world#of#christianity,#everyone,#except#most#jews,#believed#in#a# multiplicity#of#gods#(like#the#greeks)#, we#can#only#understand#something#only#in#light#of#what#we#already# know, one#remarkable#life, apollonius#of#tyana# In#the#pagan#religions#of#the#roman#empire,#there#were#no# national#or#international#religious#organizations#w/#elected#or# appointed#leaders#who#had#jurisdiction#over#local#cults: never#centered#on#sacred#writings#to#guide#beliefs#and# practices, exclusive#adherence#to#one#cult#was#practically# unknown, polytheism#instead#of#monotheism# Grecorroman#world#was#seen#as#a#pyramid:#humans,# divine#beings#(demigods,#immortals,#heroes),#daimonia,# local#gods#etc. ,#the#great#gods,#the#one#god: daimoniar#dangerous;#had#to#be#persuaded# through#cultic#acts#to#lead#to#benefit#rather#than# harm#to#human#activities#that#they#were# indifferent#to, present#life#instead#of#afterlife# Jews#not#to#eat#certain#kinds#of#food,#including#pork#and#shellfish,# common#foods#among#other#peoples#in#the#mediterranean#region: for#ancient#jews,#it#wasn"t#the#law#of#political#bureaucrats;#it#was#the# law#of#god, temple#and#synagogue:#israel"s#places#of#worship, temple#in#jerusalemy#where#sacrifices,#praise,#prayers#occurred#etc. , the#jewish#temple# The#jewish#temples#was#known#to#be#one#of#the#grandest#in#the# world#of#antiquity: complex#encompassed#an#area#roughly#able#to#hold#25# football#fields, no#mortar#used#in#its#construction, destroyed#7#years#after#at#the#climax#of#the#jewish#war# against#rome, never#built#again# Special#room#called# holy6of6holies ##: to#be#the#only#temple#for#the#god#of#israel, sacred#room, completely#empty, no#pics#b/c#so#holy,#he#forbade#any#images#of#him#be# made, no#one#could#enter#except#the#jewish#high#priest#on#the# day#of#atonement#to#perform#a#sacrifice#for#the#sins#of# the#people, the#synagogue# Jewish#historian#jospehus#mentions#4#groups: nt#refers#to#three, pharisees# #6,000#members, essenes#y#4,000, sadducees# #far#fewer, all#members#subscribed#to#the#basic#principles#of#the# religion# Given#greater#authority#by#roman# overlords: purpose:#fulfill#law;# preserve#traditions#of#fathers , oral#word#written#down#around#200#c. e. #and#is#today# known#as#the#mishnah#which#is#found#in#the#sacred# collection#of#texts:#the#talmud, fate#of#israel/#humanity#depends#on#moral#and# ritual#fulfillment#of#law#, new#agey#final#judgment,#resurrection#of# righteous, common#meals,#but#no#separate#liturgy,# initiation#rites,#or#communal#living#rules, real#power#players#in#palestine#during#jesus"#own#days, closely#connected#with#the#jewish#priesthood# and#temple, most#were#priests#and#members#of#the# aristocracy, with#their#close#connections,#emphasized#the#need#for# Essenes: expanded#political#energy#on#working#out#their# relation#w/#romans#so#that#the#sacrifices#could# continue, only#literal#interpretation#of#law#(no#oral#torah), prophets#and#writings#not#authoritative, rejected#all#doctrines#outside#5#books#that#after#became# characteristics#of#judaism, rejected#angels,#spirits,#fate, notion#of#future#resurrection#of#the#dead, reward#or#punishment#in#afterlife, may#have#cooperated#with#romans# Important#b/c#jesus#roused#their#anger#by#predicting# that#god#would#destroy#their#temple: which#in#return#got#him#executed, one#sect#not#mentioned#in#nt, philo,#josephus,#dead#sea#scrolls, dead#sea#scrolls, produced#by#a#group#of#theme#in#qumran, found#in#1947#on#the#nw#shore#of#the#dead#sea, community#started#during#the#early#maccabean#period#
