LATN 1001 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1-4: Vocative Case, Linking Verb, Dative Case
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Present indicative of esse" (to be) sum first person plural. They/there are case nominative genitive dative accusative ablative vocative ((cid:447)) First declension (case inflection of a noun/adjective) feminine singular feminine plural. Ae nom-a/ae . gen-ae/arum . dat-ae/is . acc-am/as . abl- /is case singular masculine (-us/er) nominative. Second declension plural masculine (-us/er) singular neuter (-um) plural neuter (-um) A nom-us/er . gen- . dat-(cid:448) . acc-um . abl-(cid:448) Imperative (commands): singular = stem / plural = stem + -te. Meanings of sentences depend on conjugations/inflections, not word order. Vs pronounced as ws in classical pronunciation. Adverbs modify verbs/adjectives/other adverbs (ex: n(cid:448)n, saepe) Subject-object-verb is common word order pattern in latin. Nominative: subject of a finite verb; also used with forms of to be" and linking verbs. Genitive: possession , generally translated with of" or apostrophes. Dative: indirect object , used with to" or for". Accusative: direct object affected by the verb, object of a preposition.