CHEM 211 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6.14-6.17: Rate-Determining Step, Nucleophile, Leaving Group
8 Dec 2016
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Functional group transformation = converting one functional group into another: ex. making methyls into alcohols, ethers, etc, alkyl chlorides and bromides can easily be converted to alkyl iodides with substitution. Important to keep in mind that sn2 causes inversion of con guration: changing the stereochemistry orientation (ex. Vinylic and phenyl halides: these two halides are relatively un-reactive in sn1 or sn2 reactions. Not reactive in sn1 because they are relatively unstable. Not reactive in sn2 because the bonds between the carbon and the halogen are usually stronger than compared to alkyl halides. Elimination reaction = fragments of some molecule are removed/eliminated. Dehydrohalogenation = elimination of halide from a haloalkane: to synthesize alkenes, elimination of hx from alkyl halides is a common method. Heating alkyl halides with a strong base causes the reaction to take place. For elimination: there is a leaving group and an attacking base that carries an electron.
