AHS 100 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Ankylosing Spondylitis, Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Septic Arthritis
○Myotasis: stretching of a muscle
○Myotonia: muscle tone
4.4: Diagnosis and Pathology
●We move our joints all the time, they act as shock absorbers for your
body and take a lot of abuse.
●Bones:
○Ankylosing spondylitis: a stiffening inflammation of the
vertebrae
○Chondro osteodystrophy: poor development of bones and
cartilage
○Craniosynostosis: the premature fusing of the skull bones
○Dactylitis: finger inflammation
○Hypertrophic spondylitis: overdevelopment of the vertebrae
causing inflammation
○Osteitis: bone inflammation
○Osteosarcoma: bone cancer tumor
○Osteochondritis: inflammation of bone and cartilage
○Osteochondroma: a tumor made up of bone and cartilage.
Also known as an exostosis made up of cartilage
○Osteogenesis imperfecta: a disease in which the bones do not
develop correctly, also known as brittle bone disease
○Osteomalacia: softening of the bone
○Osteomyelitis: inflammation of the bone and bone marrow
○Osteopathy: bone disease
○Osteopenia: reduction in bone volume
○Osteoporosis: loss of bone density
○Osteosarcoma: cancerous tumor arising out of bone cells
○Spinal stenosis: abnormal narrowing of the spine
○Spondyloarthropathy: joint disease of the vertebrae
○Spondylolisthesis: the slipping or dislocation of a vertebra
○Spondylosis: loss of vertebra structure
○Spondylosis: vertebrae condition
●Joints
○Arthritis: joint inflammation
○Rheumatoid arthritis: inflammation of the joints; symptoms
resemble those of rheumatic fever
○Septic arthritis: inflammation of the joint caused by infection
○Osteoarthritis: inflammation of the joints, specifically those
that bear weight
○Arthrocele: hernia of a joint
○Arthrodysplasia: abnormal joint development
○Arthropathy: joint disease
○Atherosclerosis: hardening of the joints
○Bursitis: inflammation of the bursa
○Bursopathy: disease of the bursa
○Subluxation: partial dislocation of a joint
●Muscles
○Achondroplasia: a defect in the formation of cartilage
○Chondroma: a tumor- like growth of cartilage tissue
○Chondromalacia: abnormal softening of the cartilage
○Costochondritis: inflammation of the cartilage of the rib
○Fasciitis: inflammation of the fascia
○Muscular dystrophy: disorder characterized by poor muscle
development
○Myoclonus: violent muscle contraction
○Myopathy: muscle disease
○Myasthenia: muscle weakness
○Myofasciitis: inflammation of muscle and fascia
○Myoma: a muscle tumor
○Myosarcoma: a cancerous muscle tumor
○Myositis: muscle inflammation
○Necrotizing fasciitis: inflammation of the fascia causing the
death of tissue
○Polymyositis: inflammation of multiple muscles
○Tardive dyskinesia: condition characterized by the loss of
muscle control
○Tendinitis: tendon inflammation
4.5 Treatments and Therapies
●Common procedures for the musculoskeletal system include knee
and hip replacements
●Drugs
○Analgesic: a drug that relieves pain
○Antiarthritic: a drug that opposes joint inflammation
○Anti- inflammatory: a drug that opposes inflammation
○Antipyretic: a drug that opposes fever
●Bones
○Carpectomy: removal of all or part of the wrist
○Costectomy: removal of a rib
Document Summary
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