BIOL 1001 Chapter : Chapter 9 Cell Reproduction Part 1 2

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15 Mar 2019

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Cell division - for reproduction, growth, and repair. Cell division is the process in which the genetic information of a cell is faithfully passed along to the next generation of cells. Some characteristics of cell division: all cells come from cells, replication of dna. Equal distribution of dna to opposite ends of the dividing cell. Separation into two daughter cells: asexual reproduction is the type of reproduction involving only one parent. Binary fission is the type of cell division which prokaryotes se to reproduce (fig. In bacteria since there is only a single chromosome the cell cycle is less complex (fig. The cell cycle is a repeating patter of divide, grow (maybe differentiate) and divide again: chromosomes replicate, membrane elongates and becomes twice the normal size, plasma membrane pinches inward, cell wall forms between the two daughter cells. In bacteria since there is only a single chromosome, the cell cycle is less complex.

Related Questions

What type of daughter cells are produced during meiosis?

A. genetically distinct due to crossing over

B. genetically identical to the mother cell

C. genetically identical to each other

D. genetically aneuploids

What is NOT a benefit of asexual reproduction compared to sexual reproduction?

A. The offspring will be as successful in the habitat as the parent.

B. all members of the population can reproduce themselves

C. The only source of variation in the next generation is mutation.

D. They do not require another organism of the opposite sex.

In what phase of meiosis does Independent assortment of homologous chromosomes occur?

A. meiosis I

B. interphase

C. cytokinesis

D. meiosis II

In what phase of meiosis does Independent assortment of homologous chromosomes occur?

A. meiosis I

B. interphase

C. cytokinesis

D. meiosis II

Every year, the viral strains included in vaccinations for the flu are slightly different, based on the prevalence of the strains present the previous year. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the vaccinations and the treatment of viral infections like the flu?

	A.	When someone who is vaccinated encounters the virus they were vaccinated for, antigens are produced triggering destruction of the virus.
	B.	Antibodies are built up in response to viral antigens, making those with vaccines more susceptible to viral infection.
	C.	Viruses mutate quickly due to overuse of antibiotics.
	D.	Vaccinations involve introducing an antigen of a virus into the immune system, which stimulates the production of antibodies.

Recall that HIV is a retrovirus. Based on that, which of the following would NOT be an effective drug target for treatment of HIV?

	A.	Translation inhibitors
	B.	Integrase inhibitors
	C.	Reverse transcriptase inhibitors

The type of horizontal gene transfer that specifically requires a virus to transfer DNA from donor to recipient is called:

	A.	transformation.
	B.	conjugation.
	C.	transduction.
	D.	binary fission.

Binary fission differs from mitosis in that

	A.	binary fission occurs in prokaryotes, and mitosis happens in eukaryotes.
	B.	binary fission does not have a step to duplicate the genetic information, and mitosis does.
	C.	binary fission creates daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell, while mitosis introduces genetic variation.
	D.	binary fission does not have a step to separate the parent cell into two daughter cells, and mitosis does.

Bacteria contain ______ in their cell walls, while Archaea contain _____ in their cell walls.

	A.	chitin; peptidoglycan
	B.	peptidoglycan; pseudopeptidoglycan
	C.	pseudopeptidoglycan; peptidoglycan
	D.	peptidoglycan; chitin
	E.	cellulose; chitin

1)What experiment was performed that allowed for scientists to finally agree that DNA is the genetic material within living organisms?

a.Understand the materials and scientific techniques used to come to this result.

2)What group of experiments led to the discovery of the mechanism used in DNA replication?

a.Understand the materials and scientific techniques used to come to this result.

i.What is a cesium chloride gradient?

ii.Where do 14N and 15N respectively fall along this gradient?

b.The results revealed that DNA replicates using which of the three proposed models?

i. Describe the mechanism of each model.

3)What is the role of the following proteins in DNA replication?

a.Helicase

b.Single strand binding proteins

c.Topoisomerase

d.DNA polymerase III

e.DNA polymerase I

f.Primase

g.Ligase

4)What extra steps are taken to be sure the lagging strand does not shorten each time DNA is replicated?

a.What is the role of telomerase in these âstepsâ?

5)In DNA repair, which enzyme has âproof-readingâ capabilities?

1)Which type of cells within our bodies use mitosis to reproduce?

2)Does mitosis create a cell that is different or the same as the parent cell undergoing division?

3)Describe the DNA found in sister chromatids.

4)Describe the DNA found in homologous chromosomes.

5)What occurs during the following stages of the cell cycle?

a.G₁ Phase

b.S Phase

c.G₂ Phase

d.M Phase

What are the phases of mitosis? What events occur in each phase?

1)Does mitosis separate homologous chromosomes, sister chromatids, or both?

2)What is cytokinesis?

a.Which fibers of the cytoskeleton contract to pinch parent and daughter cells apart from one another in animals?

b.How do microtubules move chromosomes to the two poles of a dividing cell?

3)How are centrioles involved in this process?

a.How do plants form two complete cells during cytokinesis?

4)How do bacterial cells reproduce?

5)The cell cycle is controlled at âcheckpointsâ. What occurs at each of the following checkpoints?

a.G₁ Checkpoint

b.G₂ Checkpoint

c.M Checkpoint

6)How do cyclin and cdk act to control the G2 checkpoint?

7)If presented with the schematic of the M checkpoint, you should be able to explain perturbations to the system as well as if the cell will divide or stall at metaphase.

8)Cancerous cells form when the cell cycle checkpoints do not function correctly and continues to divide even though it is damaged in some way. How does the protein p53 function to keep these cells from dividing?

9)Normal cells follow certain rules of growth that cancerous cells do not follow. What are these rules (provide a short definition for each as well)?

10)What is the difference between a benign tumor and a malignant tumor?

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BIOL 1001 Chapter : Chapter 9 Cell Reproduction Part 1 2

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