BIOL 1002 Chapter : Chapter 19
Document Summary
Know the basic differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes: being prokaryotic does not put a species in a specific domain of life. Earth"s first organisms were prokaryotes, single-celled organisms that lacked organelles such as the nucleus, chloroplasts and mitochondria. The period" at the end of a sentence is about 1000 um. Ecoli has a set of viruses that can eventually kill it. Bacteria and archaea: two domains similar in many respects, single-celled, prokaryotic, small size, three differences between the two domains, cell membrane lipid structure, cell wall composition, rrna subunit sequences. Composed of peptidoglycan (carbohydrate with amino acids attached: glycan = sugar, pepti = protein, cocci staphylococcus aureus, bacilli e. coli, spirilla spirillum volutans. Capsules: large, highly organized and firmly attached to cell wall. Slime layers: large, less organized and loosely attached to cell well. Pili hair like structures on the surface of bacteria; aid in attachment to the substrate.