BIOL 2051 Chapter : Chapter 2 Outline
Document Summary
Size of prokaryotes: prokaryotes are generally smaller than eukaryotes, small size allows nutrients to reach all parts of cell quickly, prokaryotic cells can be as small as 0. 2 m. The smallest eukaryotic cells are 2 m: cocci -- typically have diameter of 2 m, some microbiologists have proposed that bacteria smaller than 0. 2 m exist in nature, cells referred to as nanobacteria. Flexible corkscrew shaped cell: vibrio curved rods. Microscopy: simple microscopes, one lens, magnify 50 300x, compound microscopes, multiple lenses, much higher magnification, ones in 2051 lab magnify 1000x. Lens system of compound microscopes: condenser lens located between light source and specimen, focuses light rays up through specimen, objective lens system, closest to specimen, typical scope has 10, 40, & 100x objective lenses. In each objective are multiple lenses: ocular lens system, closest to the eye, typically magnify 10x, each ocular has multiple lenses. Correct each other"s aberrations: use shorter wavelength light.
