BIOL 2160 Chapter : CellStructure And PhysiologySpringinter2014
Document Summary
What is life: characteristics of life, organization*, reproduction*, respond to the environment*, energy use*, development, evolve. Scale of nature: smallest level- 10-8, largest level- 106, fourteen total scales make gathering information confusing. What determines solubility: like dissolves like, like in terms of polarity, polar solutes dissolve in polar solvents, non-polar solutes dissolve in nonpolar solvents. What determines polarity: type of bond/s within a molecule. Atom: smallest unit of matter separable by normal chemical means, smallest unit of matter that contains all of the characteristics of the element. Chemical bonds: form when atoms gain or lose electrons, they are the result of electrical attractions between atoms. Ionic bonds: forms when atoms completely gain and lose electrons, strongest bonds when dry (not relevant in biology where most organic molecules are wet) Covalent bonds: form when atoms share electrons, if shared equally covalent, if shared unequally polar covalent, strongest bond in water.
