BIOL 2160 Chapter : Chapter2
Document Summary
Synthesized by living organisms and contain carbon atoms. Carbon atoms usually arranged in series(carbon backbone) with different functional groups branching off. Molecules can be categorized according to presence of functional groups. Functional groups are small, characteristic groups of atoms that are attached to the carbon backbone of organic molecules. These groups add to the versatility and function of organic molecules. Monosaccarides contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio(how every many carbons you have, you have twice as many hydrogens) 2 major purposes: energy, or for structural support. Energy storage molecule in humans is glycogen, used for quick-energy, and is metabolized when blood sugar levels drop. Stored in the skeletal muscle and liver of humas. Nonpolar: don"t dissolve in water, or like water. Nucleotides: composed of 5 carbon sugar, one of more phosphate groupds and a nitrogenous base. Pyrimidine: one carbon ring( cytosine(c) and thymine(t) in dna. Purine: two carbon rings (guanine(g) & adenine(a) in dna.
