HIST 1003 Chapter : 9 05
9-05 HIST 1003
Counter Refirnation
A. State Power used to “peacefully” remove Lutherans (or Catholics in Protestant States”
Bavaria post 1555
Poland 1500-1600s
2. Methods
B. 4 Wars
1. Schmalkaldic League 1547-1555
(Holy Roman Empire-The Germanies)
2. French wars of religion, 1563-1598
3. Dutch Rebellion, 1564-1609, 1621-1648 Westphalia ends dutch rebellion (piece of Australia?)
4. Thirty Years War, 1618-1648
C. Common Characteristics of the 4 Wars
1. Catholic v. Protestants
2. Church property important in 1 and 4.
3. Catholics usually defending a status quo and royal power v. nobles great and small and some
city magistrates claiming “right in reform”.
4. Brutal because of Millenarian Atmosphere
Millerianism- belief that end times are here
5. Also involved: what is Power of the monarch? (1,3,4)
D. Outcomes of the 4 wars
1. “Cujus region, ejus religio”- a territorial toleration
c. General Observations
1. Religious Zealots fight to the death
2. Both sides appeal to state power
3. Political Considerations are key to ending fighting
4. Territorial Tolerance is temporary answer
5. The struggle destroys Spanish Dominance of Europe
6. 30 yrs. War provokes 17th century crisis
Significance
1. End of religious unity in the west
2. Trent’s reforms last until 1964 (Vatican II)
3. Religious considerations intensify
4. Protestants (esp Calvinists” become more urban, egalitarian, are on the side of
“modernization”
5. Secularization of the west is furthered in the long run by an increased power of the state
and the political solutions of wars of religion
6. Clearing out of the intermediate spiritual forces in the universe
Document Summary
Counter refirnation: state power used to peacefully remove lutherans (or catholics in protestant states . Significance: end of religious unity in the west, trent"s reforms last until 1964 (vatican ii, religious considerations intensify, protestants (esp calvinists become more urban, egalitarian, are on the side of. Modernization : secularization of the west is furthered in the long run by an increased power of the state and the political solutions of wars of religion, clearing out of the intermediate spiritual forces in the universe. Discovery transforms the world (the eurocentric world systems: general background changes, demographic changes to ea. Monetarization of the economy: more bullion for coins. The price revolution - 100-400% inflation over the century. Revolution in experience and perception: responses to the price revolution, commercialization of agriculture, putting out (cottage) system (cloth, mercantile capitalism increases, mercantilism (state policies) Pursue policies to bring gold and silver into the country, thus increasing taxable wealth. Based on notion of limited store of goods.
