PSYC 2000 Chapter : Ch 5
Document Summary
What is learning: learning: any relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience or practice. Types of learning: classical conditioning, operant conditioning, cognitive learning theory and observational learning. Operant conditioning: the learning of voluntary behavior through the effects of pleasant and unpleasant consequences to responses, voluntary, learning depends on what happens after the response: the consequence. Skinner"s contribution: gave operant conditioning its name. If a response is followed by a pleasurable consequence, it will tend to be repeated. Punishment: punishment: any event or object that, when following a response, makes that response less likely to happen again. How to make punishment more effective: punishment should immediately follower the behavior it is meant to punish, punishment should be consistent, punishment of the wrong behavior should be paired, whenever possible, with reinforcement of the right behavior. Operant stimuli and stimulus control: shaping: the reinforcement of simple steps that leads to a desired complex behavior.
