PSYC 2000 Chapter : 1 Modulles 36 37
Exam 3 Study Guide
Remember: Moodle Quiz #3 is open from 8AM on Monday 3/26 until 10PM on Friday 3/30.
If you complete the study guide BEFORE you complete the quiz, this will HELP YOU score
better on both the quiz AND the exam.
Module 11
What is a genome? An organism’s hereditary information
How do men and women differ in their attitudes towards sexuality AND in what they
find attractive in a partner? How do evolutionary psychologists explain these differences?
Men look for hip-to-waist ratio, both look for facial symmetry, finger length ratio.
Women want monogamy usually for raising offspring (resource-intensive) It’s all about
the need to reproduce. Men are more casual about sex and have more emphasis on
appearance. Women are more serious about sex with less emphasis on appearance.
What does research show about the heritability of personality traits?
Control genes, manipulate environment. Control environment, manipulate genes
Module 12
What are the core values of collectivist and individualist cultures?
Collectivism – giving priority to goals of the group, defining self in terms of
group identity
Individualism – giving priority to goals of self, defining self in terms of personal
attributes
What are norms and taboos? What are some specific cultural differences in norms
discussed in your book?
Norms – understood rule for accepted behavior
Prescriptive – what you should do
Proscriptive – what you should NOT do
Taboos – prohibited or restricted customs
Cannibalism, incest
Where do we most clearly see the influence of parenting style on development?
At the extremes, political attitudes, religious beliefs, personal manners
Module 13
What are the 3 major issues in developmental psychology? (pg. 169)
Genetic issues
Environmental Issues
What is habituation? Why is it useful?
Decrease in responding with multiple presentations of a stimulus. It can treat
some forms of psychopathology
Module 14
How did Piaget think children developed?
Sensorimotor (0-2) object performance – baby logic, baby math, stranger anxiety
Preoperational (2-6/7) pretend play, egocentrism vs. Theory of mind
Concrete operational (7-11) conversation
Formal operational (12 and up) abstract reasoning develops
What is theory of mind? How can we observe if a child has developed theory of mind or
not?
The ability to attribute mental states – beliefs, intents, desires, pretending,
knowledge. We can observe this by seeing how the child reacts with other opinions on
topics and their longing for something if they do.
According to Piaget, what are schemas? What do the terms accommodation and
assimilation mean in terms of schemas?
A structured cluster of concepts, it can be used to represent objects, scenarios or
sequences of events or relations.
Assimilation – incorporation of new concepts into existing schemes
Accommodation – altering one’s existing schemas
What are the major skills that accompany Piaget’s stages of development?
Object performance, baby logic/math, pretend play, conversation, abstract
thinking
Module 15
How do cultural values such as collectivism (vs. individualism) affect moral
development?
Right and wrong, Impulse control (character)
How do we define the period of development known as adolescence?
The transition period between childhood and adulthood
According to Erikson, what are the major goals at each stage of development?
Obedience/punishment, self-interest, interpersonal accord/Conformity, Authority
and social order maintenance, Social contract, Universal ethics
What is the social intuitionist view? How does it explain our beliefs and attitudes?
Feelings first/Reasons later This explains our beliefs and attitudes because this
view brings out the action itself in us to present it raw.
Module 16
How do people in late adulthood express emotion? How do their brains process it?
Denial, anger, Bargaining, depression, acceptance
What is a cross-sectional study?
Comparing people to others the same age as them: exaggerates age-related
differences
What is a longitudinal study?
Document Summary
Remember: moodle quiz #3 is open from 8am on monday 3/26 until 10pm on friday 3/30. If you complete the study guide before you complete the quiz, this will help you score better on both the quiz and the exam. Men look for hip-to-waist ratio, both look for facial symmetry, finger length ratio. Women want monogamy usually for raising offspring (resource-intensive) it"s all about the need to reproduce. Men are more casual about sex and have more emphasis on appearance. Women are more serious about sex with less emphasis on appearance. Individualism giving priority to goals of self, defining self in terms of personal. Collectivism giving priority to goals of the group, defining self in terms of. What are the core values of collectivist and individualist cultures? group identity attributes. At the extremes, political attitudes, religious beliefs, personal manners. What are the 3 major issues in developmental psychology? (pg. Why is it useful? some forms of psychopathology.
