PSYC 4070 Chapter : Chapter 2 Terms
Document Summary
Developmental theory: a group of ideas, assumptions, and generalizations that provide a framework for explaining development. Norm: an average, or standard measurement calulated from many individuals within a specific group or population. Grand theories (three): psychoanalitic, behaviorism (learning theory) and cognitive. They are comprehensive and explain all of development. Psychoanalitic theory: holds that irrational, unconscious drives underlie human behavior. Erikson"s eight stages: trust vs. mistrust: 1 year (oral stage) Autonomy vs. shame and doubt: 1-3 years (anal stage) Emphasize family and culture, not sexual urges and 2) recognizes adult development. Behaviorism: a grand theory of human development that studies observable behavior. The process by which responses become linked to particular stimuli and learning takes place. A meaningful stimulus is connected with a neutral stimulus that had no special meaning before conditioning (pavlov"s dogs) A particular action is followed by something desired or unwanted. Reinforcement: a behavior is followed by something desired (positive) or an undesirable stimulus is taken away (negative)
