MMG 301 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2.7-2.9: Transmission Electron Microscopy, Cell Membrane, Membrane Transport Protein
7 Sep 2016
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Document Summary
The cytoplasmic membrane is a phospholipid bilayer: the hydrophobic ends point to each other and the hydrophilic ends face either the cytoplasm or the environment, the fatty acids in the membrane contain between 14 and 20 carbons. The membrane is visible with a transmission electron microscope. Proteins are needed for large molecules to enter the cell: integral proteins are embedded in the membrane, peripheral proteins are not. Archaeal membranes don"t have fatty acids: have hydrocarbon side chains with rings in them, how the membrane is put together is very similar to that of bacteria and eukaryotes. Controls what goes in and out of the cell. Acts as an anchor for proteins: could be involved in energy usage or transport in and out of cell. Important in energy conservation in prokaryotes: in an energized state because h+ and oh- are separated, similar to a battery, proton motive force. Diffusion works with small, hydrophobic substances: charged and polar molecules cannot diffuse.
