BIOL 1101 Chapter Notes - Chapter 40: Anaerobic Glycolysis, Anaerobic Respiration, Digestive Enzyme
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3 Dec 2016
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Glycolysis (in the cytosol) > 2 molecules pyruvate + 2 atp + 2 nadh. Anaerobic metabolism > fermentation (lactic acid), provides rapid but short- term energy to cell and organism. Aerobic metabolism (in the mitochondria) > provides steady supply of atp for longer-term activity: citric acid cycle- pyruvate further broken down + energy-rich nadh and. Atp: metabolic ef ciency= amount of energy captured in a usable form per amount of energy in the starting molecule. Can also be stored as fat (adipose tissue) Storing fat= ef cient way to store energy. Stored fat also broken down into glycerol and free fatty acids to make atp: proteins can also be used as energy sources. Protein (needed for building/maintaining body) constitute enzymes + structural elements of cells/tissues. Animals only break down protein reserves (from muscles mainly) to form atp after prolonged food deprivation (when fat and carb resources are depleted)
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