01:160:161 Chapter Notes - Chapter 11.1-11.3: Intermolecular Force, Well-Order, Boiling Point
20 Dec 2018
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Document Summary
Intermolecular forces are the attractive forces that exist among the particles that compose matter. Intermolecular forces exist among all the particles that compose matter. They are responsible for the very existence of condensed states. The state of a sample of matter- solid, liquid, or gas- depends on the magnitude of intermolecular forces among the constituent particles relative to the amount of thermal energy in the sample. The molecules and atoms composing matter are in constant random motion that increases with increasing temperature. The energy associated with this motion is thermal energy. When thermal energy is high relative to intermolecular forces, matter tends to be gaseous. When thermal energy is low relative to intermolecular forces, matter tends to be liquid or solid. Low density is a direct result of large separation between molecules. Most solids are slightly more dense than their corresponding liquids because the molecules move closer together upon freezing.
