BIO 202 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Cell Membrane, Unicellular Organism, Nucleolus
30 Jul 2018
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Chapter 6 - a tour of the cell. Unicellular organisms (bacteria, protists) perform all functions in a single cell. Multicellular organisms have specialized cells for different functions, but cells have same basic structure. Cell theory (virchow: cells are the basic unit of life, cells come from other cells (by the process of cell division) plasma membrane separates internal from external environment. Dna stores genetic information to pass to next generation. Ribosomes build proteins (the building blocks for life) Cytoplasm where biochemical processes take place (liquid inside cell) Prokaryotic (before nucleus) vs eukaryotic cells (true nucleus) Prokaryotic (1-10 um) simple, unicellular organism (bacterium) that lacks nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane, contains its genetic material with a single chromosome. Eukaryotes (10-100 um) include protists (unicellular) and fungi, animals and plants (multicellular) Dna exists in chromosomes, in a nucleus that is bounded by membranous nuclear envelope. Why are cells small smaller cell has a higher (better) surface to volume ratio.
