BIOL 2296 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13.1: Chromosomal Rearrangement, Chromosomal Translocation, Giemsa Stain
Document Summary
Learning objectives: summarize the four main classes of chromosomal rearrangements, explain the two major mechanisms by which chromosomal rearrangements take place, describe methods by which researchers can detect rearrangements. Four types of chromosomal rearrangements and the two major mechanisms by which they take place. Dna breakage can cause all four types of chromosomal rearrangement: double strand breaks are followed by nonhomologous end-joining. Aberrant crossing-over can cause all four types of chromosomal rearrangement: crossing over between repeated sequences on homologus or nonhomologous chromosomes. Methods to detect rearrangements: fluorescent in situ hybridization can detect large chromosomal rearrangements. Special karyotyping with probes specific for two different chromosomes shows a chromosomal translocation. Multicolor banding is produced by using fish probes specific for particular regions of chromosomes: giemsa staining, genome sequencing. Fewer reads of deleted sequence in heterozygote. All rearrangement types will juxtapose sequences that are not normally next to each other.