ES 207 Chapter Notes - Chapter 18: Osteoclast, Tetany, Renal Artery
22 Dec 2016
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Urinary system consists of two kidneys, two ureters, urinary bladder and the urethra. Blood moves through kidneys which they remove substances and form urine. Urine contain excess water and ions, metabolic wastes (urea), and toxic substances. Urine produced by kidneys flows through ureters to the urinary bladder where it stored then eliminated through the urethra. Only 1/3 of the kidney is needed to maintain its job. Excretion: remove waste that is toxic, metabolic by products, substances absorbed by intestines. Skin, liver and lungs eliminate some of these but kidneys finish the job. Regulation of blood volume and pressure: control extracellular fluid by producing either large volume of diluted urine or small volume of concentrated urine. Regulation of the concentration of solutes in the blood: Kidneys excrete variable amount of h+ to regulate extracellular ph. Kidneys play an important role in controlling blood levels of ca2+ which regulate the synthesis of vitamin d. The renal capsule (connective tissue) surrounds each kidney.
