BIOL 180 Chapter Notes - Chapter 57: Speciation, Genetic Drift, Species
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BIOL 180 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary
Biodiversity - biological diversity: when biodiversity increases branches and tips to phylogenic tree for all of life is added, tree gets bushier and fuller, opposite: extinction. Biodiversity can be measured and analyzed at several levels. Biodiversity can be analyzed at genetic, species, and ecosystem levels. Genetic diversity - total genetic information contained within all individuals of a population, species, or group of species. It is measured as the number and relative frequency of all genes (and their alleles) present in a group. Genetic diversity is important because it represents the adaptive capacity of a population or higher taxonomic group - ability of that group to persist over time despite changes in the environment. Communities dominated by few species - richness may be high and diversity is low. Barcoding - use of well-characterized gene sequence to identify distinct species, using phylogenetic species concept.
