LIFESCI 4 Chapter Notes - Chapter 20.2 - 20.4: Expressed Sequence Tag, Dna Microarray, Rna Interference
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20. 2 restriction fragment analysis detects dna differences that affect restriction sites. Restriction fragment analysis: detects certain differences in the nucleotide sequences of dna molecules: useful for comparing two alleles of a gene. Can detect bands that include parts of the -globin gene identifies heterozygote carriers of mutant alleles associated with genetic diseases. A restriction enzyme recognizes a specific sequence of nucleotides, and a change in even one base pair will prevent it from cutting at a particular site. Noncoding dna comprises most of the dna of animal and plant genomes o these dna sequences on homologous chromosomes may exhibit small nucleotide differences. The frequency with which 2 rflp markers are inherited together is a measure of the closeness of the 2 loci on a chromosome. 20. 3 entire genomes can be mapped at the dna level. Researchers have tried to develop more and more detailed maps of the genomes of a number of species.
