AH 3121 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Hyperthyroidism, Myasthenia Gravis, Type Iv Hypersensitivity
Document Summary
Avery welch ah 3121 immunology week 9 chapter 9 notes 10/27/15 & 10/29/15: nod-2. Mechanism defective resistance or abnormal responses to intestinal microbes (?: ptpn22. Mechanism abnormal tyrosine phosphatase regulation of lymphocyte activation (?) Role of infections in autoimmunity: infections may activate self-reactive lymphocytes triggering the development of autoimmune disease, tissue infection stimulates a local innate immune response. Increased expression of costimulators and cytokines by tissue apcs. Activated apcs react with self-reactive t cells leading to autoimmunity instead of anergy: some microbial antigens cross-react with self-antigens. Molecular mimicry microbe that"s very close to self ag and then t lymphocytes react and start attacking self-cells. Other factors affecting development of autoimmunity: release of previously sequestered self-ag. Usually separate from the rest of self, but if it is broken, it can be attacked. Uv radiation, drugs, chemicals: hormonal influences. Most autoimmune diseases are more prevalent in females. Mechanism of tissue injury in autoimmunity: antibody-mediated cytotoxicity.
