BIOL 1107 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Adenine, Ribose, Beta Sheet
Document Summary
Chapter 3- biological molecules: the carbon compounds of life. Organic molecules- molecules based on carbon: organic molecules bond covalently to each other and to other atoms. Four major classes of organic molecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Hydrocarbons- molecules consisting of carbon linked only to hydrogen atoms. Chemical evolution- the formation of the organic molecules that allowed the first forms of life on earth to originate. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids contain particular small, reactive groups of atoms called functional groups: hydroxyl group ( oh, carbonyl group (c=o, carboxyl group ( cooh, amino group (nh2, phosphate group ( opo3, sulfhydryl group ( sh) Isomers- two or more molecules with the same chemical formula but different molecular structures. Stereoisomers- molecules that are mirror images of one another: l isomer (left) and d isomer (right, most of the enzymes that catalyze the biochemical reactions involving amino acids recognize the l stereoisomer.
