BIOL 1107 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Monosaccharide, Oligosaccharide, Hexose

• School: UConn
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIOL 1107
• Professor: Thomas Abbott

Document Summary

Carbohydrate- (sugar) that encompasses the monomers called monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides (ch2o)m. Made up of carbonyl group (c-o), several hydroxyl groups (-oh), along w/multiple carbon-hydrogen bonds (c-h). Formaldehyde is not a carbohydrate because it does not have a hydroxyl group. Have multiple polar hydroxyl groups (-oh), even the simplest sugars have reactive and hydrophilic functional groups solutions so easily. Why they dissolve in aqueous: number of carbon atoms present trioses- three-carbon sugars pentose- five carbon-sugars; in ribose, which acts as a building block for nucleotides hexose- six-carbon sugar (glucose, spatial arrangement of their atoms. Think as direction (up or down) as the difference; (4th carbon) Difference in structure = difference in function, even with the smallest difference. Glucose- is a source of carbon and of chemical energy that sustains life. Galactose- must be converted to glucose via enzyme-catalyzed reaction. It is rare for five-carbon sugar to form linear structure.