BIOL 1107 Chapter Notes - Chapter 48.2: Membrane Transport Protein, Extracellular Fluid, Osmoregulation
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1. Which of the following best describes a condition where a membrane separates two solutions that are NOT in equilibrium?
| A | a rainbow |
| B | equilibrium |
| C | a homogeneous solution |
| D | neighboring solutions that have unequal concentrations of molecules |
2. In this lab, we will use dialysis tubing to....
| A | simulate biological membranes |
| B | separate blood from urine |
| C | turn starch blue |
| D | turn starch brown |
3. Biological membranes have different types of pores and channels, and different permeability to small molecules depending on size and charge. In this lab, you can assume that the dialysis tubing we are using are permeable to....
| A | starch |
| B | water and potassium iodide |
| C | complex sugars |
| D | small animals |
4. Kinetic energy is a property of the atom, and also of more complex structures such as molecules. You can actually see kinetic energy of non-living things in action under the microscope. When we visualize this, we call what we see...
| A | diffusion |
| B | Brownian motion |
| C | osmosis |
| D | all of the above |
5. One word to describe the effect of water diffusion across a membrane, which alters the water pressure on one side of the membrane with respect to the other is....
| A | osmosis |
| B | lysis |
| C | aquaporin |
| D | equilibrium |
6. Suppose that you place a red blood cell in a hypertonic solution containing penetrating molecules. In this environment, you would expect the cell to eventually
| A | swell and burst |
| B | shrink |
| C | remain the same in size |
| D | photosynthesize |
7. For the "egg lab", what is the main objective?
| A | to determine which egg has more mass |
| B | to determine which egg is hypertonic to the other |
| C | to determine which solution the egg is placed in is hyper- or hypo-tonic solution |
| D | to determine which egg is isotonic with the egg |
8. The main difference between a 'prediction' and a 'hypothesis', is that predictions....
| A | are framed as an "if...then...because" statement |
| B | are framed as a general statement |
| C | are framed as an "always....true" statement |
| D | are framed as an "correct....incorrect" statement |
9. Read each of the following procedural steps for plasmolyzing Elodea sprig and then select the correct order below.
Locate a region of healthy cells and sketch a few adjacent cells
Sketch the plasmolyzed cell
While touching one corner of the coverslip with a piece of Kimwipe to draw off the
water, add a drop of concentrated salt solution to the opposite corner
Obtain a leaf from an Elodea or Water sprite plant
| A | 4, 2, 3, 1 |
| B | 3, 1, 4, 2 |
| C | 2, 3, 1, 4 |
| D | 4, 1, 3, 2 |
1. Humans with mutations in the AQP1 (aquaporin-1) gene do not produce the AQP1 protein. The absence of AQP1 causes an inability to ____ in these individuals.â
| a. | produce concentrated urineâ | |
| b. | ârecognize thirst | |
| c. | âmake large volumes of dilute urine | |
| d. | âcontrol sweating | |
| e. | âSalivate |
2. Two solutions of differing glucose concentration are placed in a container separated by a selectively permeable membrane that restricts large molecules like glucose, but allows the free diffusion of water. What will be the glucose concentration in the container after dynamic equilibrium has been reached?â
| a. | âThe water molecules will be evenly distributed in the container, with more glucose molecules on one side than the other. | |
| b. | âThe volumes of the solution will be different, with a higher volume on the side that originally contained the higher concentration of glucose. | |
| c. | âThe volumes of the solution will be different, with a lower volume on the side that originally contained the higher concentration of glucose. | |
| d. | âThe glucose concentration of the two solutions will be identical on both sides of the membrane, but the volumes will remain unchanged. | |
| e. | âThe volume and concentrations will be unchanged on both sides of the membrane. |
3. Which mutation is an example of an adaptation?â
| a. | A mutation results in decreased sperm count in humans.â | |
| b. | âA mutation is found to be the cause of Alzheimer's Disease. | |
| c. | âA mutation results in hairless cats, reducing allergies in humans. | |
| d. | âA mutation increases the size of tomato plants. | |
| e. | âA mutation renders an individual immune to HIV infection. |
4. The prokaryotic chromosome is comprised of a ____.
| a. | âhighly folded mass of a single, linear molecule of DNA | |
| b. | âloosely folded mass of a single, linear molecule of DNA | |
| c. | âhighly folded mass of a double, circular molecule of DNA | |
| d. | âhighly folded mass of a single, circular molecule of DNA | |
| e. | âloosely folded mass of a single, circular molecule of DNA |
5. Which methodology was used by researchers to identify the nuclear localization sequence?â
| a. | infection of cells in culture with viruses containing sequential deletions of amino acids in a protein known to localize to the nucleus, followed by microscopic determination of cellular localizationâ | |
| b. | âtreatment of cells in culture with pharmacological agents that inhibit the nuclear pore complex, followed by microscopic determination of cellular localization | |
| c. | âtransfection of cells in culture with mutant human proteins containing sequences believed to be required for nuclear localization followed by microscopic determination of cellular localization | |
| d. | âfluorescently labeling cells with known nuclear proteins and tracking changes in localization in the presence or absence of nuclear pore complex proteins | |
| e. | âtreatment of cells in culture with pharmacological agents that binds to the nuclear localization sequence and prevents nuclear transport, followed by microscopic determination of cellular localization27. Cells actively secreting enzymes would likely carry out more ____ than other cells.â |
6. Cells actively secreting enzymes would likely carry out more ____ than other cells.â
| a. | exocytosisâ | |
| b. | âosmosis | |
| c. | âendocytosis | |
| d. | âconjugation | |
| e. | âFractionation |
7. What is a function of prokaryotic common pili?â
| a. | âbiofilm formation | |
| b. | âtransfer of DNA | |
| c. | âprotein polymerization | |
| d. | âenergy production | |
| e. | âlipid synthesis |
