BIOL 1108 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8: Light-Independent Reactions, Meiosis, Rubisco
• Photosynthesis is the major pathway by which energy and carbon
are incorporated into carbohydrates.
• The Calvin cycle is a three-step process that uses carbon dioxide to
synthesize carbohydrates.
• The light-harvesting reactions use sunlight to produce the ATP and
NADPH required by the Calvin cycle.
• Challenges to the efficiency of photosynthesis include excess light
energy and the oxygenase activity of rubisco.
• The evolution of photosynthesis had a profound impact on life on
Earth.
What does “reduction” really mean, for PSN?
re·duc·tion (r-dkshn)n.
1. The act or process of reducing.
2. The result of reducing: a reduction in absenteeism.
3. The amount by which something is lessened or diminished:
a reduction of 12 percent in violent crime.
4. Biology The first meiotic division, in which the chromosome
number is reduced. Also called reduction division.
5. Chemistry
a . A decrease in positive valence or an increase in negative
valence by the gaining of electrons.
b. A reaction in which hydrogen is combined with a compound.
c. A reaction in which oxygen is removed from a compound.
Document Summary
Photosynthesis is the major pathway by which energy and carbon are incorporated into carbohydrates, the calvin cycle is a three-step process that uses carbon dioxide to synthesize carbohydrates, the light-harvesting reactions use sunlight to produce the atp and. Nadph required by the calvin cycle: challenges to the efficiency of photosynthesis include excess light energy and the oxygenase activity of rubisco, the evolution of photosynthesis had a profound impact on life on. Also called reduction division: chemistry a . In a nutshell: electrons are collected and used to drive the building of carbs. The electron donor in these reactions is water. The oxidation of water results in the production of electrons, protons, and o2. The electrons and protons are incorporated into the carbohydrate product, and o2 is a by-product. The oxidation of water is linked with the reduction of carbon dioxide through a series of redox reactions making up the photosynthetic electron transport chain.
