NURS 3100 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Reye Syndrome, Amoebiasis, Quinidine
Document Summary
Parietal cells in the gastric glands of the stomach secrete gastric acid. Acid secretion occurs when the proton pump is stimulated. Potassium chloride (kcl) is taken up by the proton pump and hydrogen ions are exchanged for potassium ions and secreted to the stomach lumen. Hydrogen ions combine with chloride anions and hydrochloric acid (hcl) is formed. Gastric acid secretion is stimulated by: (bind to specific receptors on the parietal cell) Histamine (stored in mast cells in the gastric mucosa, mast cells degranulate and release histamine in response to gastrin and acetylcholine) Gastrin (secreted from g cells in the antrum of the stomach) Acetylcholine (vagus and enteric nerve plexuses release acetylcholine) Chronic use of acid reducing agents may result in the following adverse effects: Increased infection from enteric viruses and bacteria (gastric acid is a first line of immunological defense) Increased risk of pneumonia (due to aspiration of gastric bacteria that thrive in a more alkaline environment)
